An annular ion source.

An Automatic Real Time Impedance Matching System for Use in an RF Electrostatics Accelerator Ion Source

An ion source for molecular effusion studies

An ion source which utilizes a beam of monoenergetic electrons as the ionizing agent was designed and built for use in a 60° sector general utility mass spectrometer. The source was made to be used without a magnetic field to collimate the electron beam. The source is interchangeable with a surface ionization source that was already utilized in the mass spectrometer. Various operating character...

What Makes an Annular Mode ‘‘Annular’’?

Annular patterns with a high degree of zonal symmetry play a prominent role in the natural variability of the atmospheric circulation and its response to external forcing. But despite their apparent importance for understanding climate variability, the processes that give rise to their marked zonally symmetric components remain largely unclear. Here the authors use simple stochastic models in c...

Aromaticity in all-metal annular systems: the counter-ion effect.

The effect of counterions on the bonding, stability and aromaticity of trigonal dianion metal clusters has been analyzed through the behavior of various conceptual density functional theory based reactivity descriptors and the nucleus independent chemical shift calculated at different levels of theory, comprising one-determinant approaches and beyond (QCISD, CASSCF(8,8) and NEVPT2), for a prope...

Transport of ion beam in an annular magnetically expanding helicon double layer thruster